Papillomatosis of the larynx is a common disease. A few years ago, the only possible way to treat the problem was surgery, over time, conservative methods of dealing with the disease emerged.
reason
Papillomas in the throat appear due to the growth of connective tissue and epithelium. These formations are of a benign nature. However, this does not mean that they should be ignored.
Externally, the growth looks like a red or pink cockscomb. Single copies are rarely seen. Often there are several forms.
They are found on the tongue, directly in the larynx, on the palate and vocal cords, on the arches of the tonsils, on the pharynx and trachea.
The greatest danger is papillomas located in the throat, which interfere with the normal functioning of the respiratory tract. These are growths on the bronchi and trachea. They lead to serious consequences and complications.
Papillomas appear in the throat when HPV is active.
This happens in the following circumstances:
- the presence of infectious diseases such as scarlet fever, measles;
- low immunity;
- Polluted environment in the area of residence;
- the presence of chronic diseases of the nose, throat and ears;
- Vocal cord tension.
There is the concept of "juvenile papillomatosis". They suffer from young children. With it, multiple papillomas in the throat clog the lumen in the larynx, which interferes with the normal respiratory process.
Adults with HPV in the trachea or bronchi can develop into a malignant tumor, provided there is no treatment. However, even surgical intervention does not guarantee that the formations will not reappear.
Papilloma in the throat: symptoms
In the early stages, the problem may not manifest itself.
But as the wart grows, symptoms are observed:
- labored breathing;
- the appearance of hoarseness, cough for no reason, heaviness in the throat;
- problems with the endocrine system;
- any changes related to the respiratory system;
- cough, accompanied by discharge of sputum or blood;
- Lump in throat
In children, papillomas in the throat can be manifested by symptoms:
- asthma attack due to edema in the respiratory tract;
- the presence of shortness of breath;
- difficulties in the implementation of the respiratory process;
- hoarseness;
- Violations in the development of the child.
How can you get infected?
Papillomavirus is spread through contact with an infected person.
This can happen in several ways:
- The sexual way. In particular, the risk of getting papillomas is great for those who lead a promiscuous sex life.
- Home method. When using a towel, blanket, as well as in common areas.
- through a kiss
- In the presence of injuries or microcracks.
- self-infection;
- While passing through the birth canal (from an infected mother to a child).
Who's at risk?
Most often, HPV in the throat occurs in children who have infections associated with ENT organs. These include pharyngitis, tonsillitis, tracheitis, purulent otitis media, laryngitis.
The most common papillomatosis of the throat was in people aged 20 to 45 years.
In risk factor, a person who has bad habits, experiences constant stress, leads an unhealthy lifestyle.
There are several indirect factors that can provoke the development of papillomas of the throat:
- taking hormonal pills;
- Living in an area with high levels of air pollution;
- second hand smoke;
- violations in the care of the oral cavity;
- hormonal failure in the body;
- the presence of hereditary factors;
- Tension.
Types of HPV in the Throat
There are several classifications of papillomas that are located in the groin.
Thus the types of disease are divided according to age:
- Congenital (ie infection occurred in the uterus).
- Of children
- Acquired (during sexual intercourse or domestically).
- Adult.
- recurrent.
Another division is based on the degree of development of papillomas:
- a limited option, when there is a proliferation of formations in a certain area in the throat;
- normal form, when papillomas are scattered everywhere;
- Recipient type. In this case, the growth interferes with the passage of air through the respiratory tract.
According to the state of the respiratory system and the presence of symptomatic manifestations, the disease can be:
- First compensatory degree. It is characterized by slight difficulty during inhalation and exhalation, hoarseness.
- Second compensatory degree. Shortness of breath appears, the body does not have enough oxygen, a feeling of constant anxiety appears, cold sweats occur and the skin turns blue.
- Third degree, when breathing stops completely. Patient loses consciousness due to asphyxiation.
Depending on the presence of oncogenic properties, papillomas in the throat can be:
- gentle;
- Fatal.
localization of papillomas
Neoplasms can be located either directly in the throat, on any part of it or on the larynx. Which of them are dangerous?
A growth that occurs in the throat affects the tonsils. There are papillomas on the soft palate or side walls. Rarely, formations can be found on the vocal cords. Do not confuse papillomas on the tonsils and traffic jams.
In the second case there is a taste of pus in the mouth. It is impossible to independently determine what it is specifically. You need to contact a specialist.
If it is a cork, it is enough to rinse the problem area. If it is a papilloma on the tonsils, the doctor will prescribe an effective therapy. This can be conservative treatment or surgery.
Papillomas of the larynx are dangerous. These growths can impede the patient's speech, interfere with the respiratory process. It is necessary that this problem occurs in children.
Due to the fact that the respiratory lumen is significantly reduced, laryngeal papillomas can cause suffocation, lack of oxygen in the body and cause death.
Diagnosis of papilloma in the throat
Before starting treatment for papillomas, the doctor will prescribe a number of diagnostic measures.
Throat papillomatosis can be detected:
- Laryngoscopy - study of the problem area using a special instrument laryngoscope.
- Histology - the study of papilloma tissues. Often done after the growth has been removed or after a biopsy is taken.
- Microlaryngoscopy - allows you to consider all the nuances of the presence of education.
- Electroglottography - makes it possible to determine the type of papilloma (benign or malignant).
- X-ray - This determines how common the problem is with the throat.
conservative treatment
Papillomas in the throat area can be treated by conservative methods. The most common method is chemotherapy. This is done with the help of drugs, which are based on chemicals.
They are applied to the affected areas, they are used for the following purposes:
- potassium permanganate.
- Salicylic Acid.
- Silver nitrate salts.
- sulphuric acid.
- Perhydrol.
- nitric acid.
Staining should be carried out by a qualified person. There are many substances that are prohibited for the treatment of children due to their high toxicity.
Another conservative method is radiotherapy. Its main function is to destroy diseased cells. Recently this modern method has been increasingly used to eliminate papillomas.
Remove the tumor in the throat and with the help of radiotherapy. The main advantages of the method are the absence of damage or scarring, rapid healing, and the exclusion of relapses.
Doctors recommend drinking antiviral drugs, recommend taking immunostimulants.
removal of papillomas in the throat
Experts believe that the only correct and effective treatment option is surgical removal of the papilloma.
For this the appropriate method is selected:
- Laser;
- radio wave method;
- cryodestruction;
- laryngoscopy;
- Electrocoagulation.
It is impossible to remove the neoplasm on its own. The papilloma has a high probability of injury. This will provoke rapid degeneration of a benign tumor into a cancerous formation. Only the surgeon will successfully carry out the operation.
Surgery to remove growths is contraindicated in children. This leads to a complete stop of breathing. These methods are not used in childhood.
treatment with folk remedies
There are many folk medicines using which they can get rid of papillomas in the throat. They are based on natural herbs and plants. An easy solution is to eat 1 tablespoon of fresh honey daily.
An extract of bay leaves will help to cope with the problem. They are poured with boiling water and kept in a thermos overnight. During the day, the resulting medicine is drunk. The course of treatment with the drug is 2 weeks.
An effective recipe is a mixture of chopped horseradish with honey. The ingredients are taken in equal proportions. You need to take a spoonful of funds per day. Ghee is placed on the tongue, and after a few seconds it is washed off with water.
Since ancient times, people have treated localized papillomas in the throat by drinking a decoction of a mixture of bird cherry, thyme, licorice, black currant, raspberry, coltsfoot and plantain. The drug is taken an hour after eating for 3 months. .
You can not cure the problem with folk recipes. The sooner the patient sees the doctor, the sooner he will receive highly qualified help, this will help to avoid consequences.